Install MediaWiki on Ubuntu 18.04

MediaWiki is a popular, free wiki software package. It’s the same software Wikipedia uses. It is fully dynamic and runs on a LAMP stack, taking advantage of the PHP language and the MySQL database backend. With easy installation and configuration, MediaWiki is a good solution when you need a familiar, full-featured, dynamic wiki engine.

This guide assumes that you already have a working LAMP stack running on Ubuntu. Your web accessible DocumentRoot should be located in /var/www/html/example.com/public_html/. You should be connected to your server via SSH and logged in as root.

1. Change your working directory to Apache’s DocumentRoot and download the latest release of MediaWiki. As of this writing, the latest stable release of MediaWiki is version 1.33.0.

   cd /var/www/html/example.com/
   sudo curl -O https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.33/mediawiki-1.33.0.tar.gz
   

   You will want to check for the latest version of this software regularly and upgrade to avoid allowing your site to become vulnerable to known security bugs. You can find the download location for the latest release by visiting the MediaWiki homepage.

2. Decompress the package:

   sudo tar -xvf mediawiki-1.33.0.tar.gz
   

3. Move the uncompressed mediawiki-1.33.0 directory into your site’s public_html/ folder, renaming the directory to mediawiki/ in the process.

   sudo mv mediawiki-1.33.0/ public_html/mediawiki/
   

   The name of the directory beneath the public_html/ will determine the path to your wiki. In this case, the wiki would be located at example.com/mediawiki/. You can copy the wiki to any publicly accessible location in the public_html/ hierarchy.

Mediawiki needs to communicate with a database to store information. Create a database and a user with a secure password, then grant all privileges on the new database to the user.

1. Log in using the MySQL root password:

   sudo mysql -u root -p
   

2. Create a database and a user with permissions for it. In this example, the database is called my_wiki, the user media_wiki, and password password. Be sure to enter your own password. This should be different from the root password for MySQL:

   CREATE DATABASE my_wiki;
   CREATE USER 'media_wiki'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
   GRANT ALL ON my_wiki.* TO 'media_wiki'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
   

Point your browser to the URL of your wiki, for example: example.com/mediawiki/ and click the “Please set up the wiki first” link. The setup page contains everything you need to complete the installation.

From the database section above, you will need:

• The database name
• DB username
• DB user’s password

Giving MediaWiki superuser access to your MySQL database allows it to create new accounts. If you plan on having a large number of users or content, consider setting up a second Linode as a dedicated database server.

After the installation is finished, MediaWiki will create a LocalSettings.php file, with the configurations from the installation process. Move the LocalSettings.php file to /var/www/html/example.com/public_html/mediawiki/ and restrict access to the file:

sudo chmod 700 /var/www/html/example.com/public_html/media/wiki/LocalSettings.php

MediaWiki is now successfully installed and configured!

You can monitor the MediaWiki development mailing list to ensure that you are aware of all updates to the software. When upstream sources offer new releases, repeat the instructions for installing the MediaWiki software as needed.

More Information

You may wish to consult the following resources for additional information on this topic. While these are provided in the hope that they will be useful, please note that we cannot vouch for the accuracy or timeliness of externally hosted materials.

• MediaWiki Wiki
• What is Media Wiki
• Media Wiki Extensions Blog